HINDRANCES IN THE USAGE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY AMONG PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR UNIVERSITIES

Abstract

The present study was to explore the hindrances in the use of information communication technologies in public and private sectors universities in Islamabad. Problem designed to explore the hindrances in the usage of ICT, it future aim to investigate the role of management in popularising ICT among private and public sector universities. Objectives of the study included to identify the hindrances in the use of ICT in private and public sectors universities, to find out the reason in the deficiency of ICT facilities available in private and public sectors universities, to find out the factors which are hindering teacher and learner in use of ICT. The sample technique used in this study was stratified sampling. The population of this study was private and public universities in Islamabad whereas sample was considered as 40 teachers and 60 students from 2 public and 2 private universities in Islamabad. The study found out that there are significant hindrances in the use of information and communication technology (ICT) among teachers & students of public and private universities in teaching and learning process. Study reveals the age differences in prospective of teachers & student perception that the level of hindrances is higher among middle age teachers as compared to young and old age. Study reveals gender differences in prospective of teachers and student perceptions that male university teachers & male university students are more facing hindrances in the use of ICT in teaching leaning process as compared to female university teachers & students. Study found out that the hindrances in the use of ICT is higher among MPHIL teachers and students as compared to MASTERS & PHD programme of teachers & BS and MASTERS programme of students. Study elaborates that level of hindrances in the use of ICT is more in private sectors universities teachers & students as compared to public sectors universities teachers & students. The mean score of the teachers whose income is 30,000-50,000 facing more hindrances in the use of ICT as compared to teachers whose income is 10,000,30000 & <50,000. Study shows that Permanent teachers of private and public sectors universities are facing more hindrances as compared to contract teachers of private & public sectors universities. The study was useful to comprehend the hindrance to the use of ICT in teaching and learning environment. It was also helpful because it provide guidance for the way to increase the use of technology integration. It was also helpful to investigate the basic obstacles, may give guidance to educator and teachers to overcome on those hindrances and become successful adopters of technology. It also provided recommendation on improving ICT in universities.